Joe Brew and Elisa Sicuri
This document provides an overview of the GSK malaria immunisation costing estimation. This project is being carried out under the direction of Dr. Elisa Sicuri. Its purpose is to provide country-specific estimates for the non-vaccine costs of implementing large-scale malaria immunisation across sub-saharan Africa. It is considered a “work in progress” and is intended for further review and revisions prior to publication.
Given that the a truly large-scale Malaria vaccination campaign has never taken place, it is impossible to know Malaria immunisation unit costs through direct prior experience. However, it is possible to estimate these costs indirectly by gathering data on the costs of other vaccination campaigns over the last two decades.
This study aims to estimate the non-vaccine costs of widespread Malaria vaccination implementation across Africa via the collection, itemization and standardization of vaccine cost studies in the literature. Its results provide estimates of likely costs to be incurred by Malaria immunisation programmes.
For the purposes of both transparency and future reproducibility, we use a standard and automated search strategy. Our time frame of interest is 2000 to present day (June, 2016). Our search query is "'((vaccine) OR (vaccination) OR (immunization)) AND (cost) AND (africa)'". The code for retrieving the papers and abstracts from PubMed (in the "R" programming language) is available here.
Having finished selection, we extract from each study the itemized costs of immunization, excluding the actual purchase of vaccine. The categories are:
Equipment: Materials and supplies, such as syringes, needle disposal boxes, bandages, paper, etc.
Human resources: All human labor costs, including salary and wages.
Sensitisation: All public awareness, advertising or other opinion-influencing actiity.
Training: Education and training for programme personnel, other than that which they would have already received independely of programme existence.
Transportation: All costs associated with moving vaccine and/or personnel and/or supplies for the vaccination campaign, including (but not limited to) cold storage.
Wastage: Any non-productive cost.
Administration: All non-vaccine, non-material, and non-personnel costs related to the actual delivery of the vaccine, once at a health facility or other site of immunisation, not covered in any of the below categories.
In some cases, all of the above items were available. In most, only some of them were disclosed. In many cases, costs were given as a percentage of total, rather than in currency.
Studies variably reported cost “types” such as fixed, in-kind, recurring, start-up, variable, etc. These categories were often overlapping and incompatible. They are intentionally excluded due to the lack of comparability across studies.
By the same token, a minority of studies noted, albeit indirectly, the distinction between economic and financial costs. To the extent that this distinction was infrequent and inconsistent, it is also ignored.
We distinguished between “trial” studies (also referred to as “campaign” or “non-routine”), and those implementing more regularly administered vaccines (referred to simply as “routine”) Likewise, we distinguished between studies pertaining to the “introduction” of a vaccine in an area for the first time, versus those that pertained to costing of a vaccine that was already in place, ie “non-introduction”.
Among our studies, all trial costs happened to be from non-introduction studies (ie, they were trials of a vaccine that was already used in some shape or form), whereas non-trial studies where sometimes introductory in nature (approximatey 1/3 of non-trial studies) and the majority was non-introductory.
After selection, we itemized our data into article-cost type pairings.
The raw itemized data is below:
Following itemization, we standardize all costs from local currencies and past values to the equivalent of 2016 United States Dollars. For currency conversion from local to US dollars, we use publicly available exchange rates from Quandl.
For inflation adjustment, we use the “Consumer Price Index” from the United States Bureau of Labor and Statistics.
All costs reported herein are in 2016 US Dollars.
We also adjust currency for purchasing price parity, as estimated by the World Bank (Bank 2015). For our purposes, “adjustment” refers to the process by which we convert from local currency to 2016 USD in PPP. In many cases, this meant “back-engineering” the local currency, since original papers often report in USD.
Below is a table of the PPP values used for this conversion. Full code for the “back-engineering” is available on this paper’s github repository (Brew 2017).
Some papers reported costs per fully immunized person (ie, multiple doses), whereas others reported per dose. For the sake of comparability, all costs were converted to be per dose.
Having gathered and standardized item-specific vaccination programme costs, we estimate ranges for each item cost. Given the incompatibility of currency and percentage data, whenever possible we convert percentage data to 2016 USD, using available data to estimate overall cost. Additionally, since the range of estimates is high, we include distributions in all visualizations.
Having estimated the cost of vaccine implementation after standardization for time and currency, we can construct a continuous interpolated surface (raster) for vaccine cost. This allows us to generate country and region-specific estimates. We construct this surface through the use of a generalized additive model (GAM) using bivariate adaptive smoothing for the spatial (latitude and longitude) inputs. This method employs “basis penalties” to estimate the spatial effect on cost without overfitting to each country’s location, and is useful in estimating spatial effects with incomplete information (Wheeler and Siangphoe 2015, Li et al. (2012), Young et al. (2010), French (2004)).
The rationale for using a spatial model to estimate costs is two-fold. First, a spatial model has the advantage of capturing simply geopolitical, cultural and economic characteristics which are difficult to observe or quantify or would lead to such a wide-dimensioned model so as to be unstable. Second, a smoothed spatial model allows for generalizability to other locations within the range of the model’s training locations (ie, Sub-Saharan Africa).
Given that most studies are at the regional and national levels, country centroids are used for locations. Sub-national breakdowns are not taken into consideration.
In addition to the country- and region-specific implementation costs estimation, we estimate the effect of macroeconomic factors (GDP per capita) on costs. Though GDP per capita is geospatially autocorrelated, we apply a flexible smoothing algorithm to location, whereas we carry out no smoothing for GDP. We include these determinants into a final generalized additive model, which will be applicable for cross-continent cost estimation.
The initial query returned 985 results. We read the abstracts of all 985 papers, and eliminated 850 due to any of the following reasons:
All 985 “original” papers, prior to manual exclusion, can be obtained here.
The first elimination round left 135 articles for manual inspection. All were read, and a further 94 were eliminated because they lacked itemized cost information, cost information was not clear, or the items listed were not categorized in a way as to make comparable to the larger body of literature.
The below diagram shows the flow of article selection:
Below is a complete overview of all 41 studies that both matched the automated selection criteria and passed the manual filtering steps outlined above.
A full list is available in the appendix.
The number of articles reporting specific costs for each category of item costs can be visualized below.
What follows is a table of the same data
A total of 19 country combinations were included in the final dataset. Their distribution can be visualized below.
Below is a table of the same data.
What follows are charts showing the distribution of dose-specific costs (both in currency and extrapolated from percentages) for each of the 7 implementation categories. The vertical line shows the average cost.
The average administration cost per dose was close to $2 USD, with half of studies having an administration cost of less than $0.53.
### Equipment
The distribution of equipment costs observed in studies was distinctly bi-model. 6 of the 9 studies which reported equipment had a cost of less than $0.30 USD; the other 3 ranges from $0.73 to $3.43. The wide wariance may be explained due to different studies having different (unreported) definitions of what constitutes equipment.
### Human resources
Costs for human resources varied widely, but the distribution is distinctly left-skewed, with half of studies reporting human resources costs of less than $2.52. We can attribute to trial or non-routine expenditures the fact that several studies were such outliers; on the contrary, the two most expensive studies in terms of human resources where routine, non-introduction immunization campaigns, a fact which suggests that inclusion criteria for what constitutes “human resources costs” likely differed from study to study.
Sensitisation costs were low across all studies. One outlier - an oral cholera vaccine campaign in urban Mozambique - reported particularly high costs, but 90% of studies reported sensitisation costs of $0.20 or less.
### Training
Training costs were low across all studies The highest training costs were associated with programs in which a new vaccine was introduced alongside another into an already existing national program.
### Transportation
We observed wide variance in transporation costs. Though half of studies had costs of less than $0.67 USD, several studies had costs of more than $1 USD (and in one case, nearly $20 USD). The cause for this variation is not clear.
### Wastage
Wastage costs varied widely per study. Those with the highest costs involved Hepatitis B or jet injection vaccinations.
The below table shows the same costs.
The below table is identical to the above, but using PPP-adjusted costs
Despite both quantitative and qualitative components to our analysis of which factors might account for the large differences in costs, we are unable to make conclusions in this area. Due to a lack of standardization in both (a) what is reported (some studies report all of the cost types we mention, others only a portion) and (b) how it is reported, studies are not directly comparable. Evidence for this exists in the below bar chart, showing the maximum cost for each expenditure type as a percentage of the minimum cost in the same category. Though some variance is to be expected, we suspect that much of the variance observed is not due to actual differences in cost, but rather due to differences in what is reported in each cost category.
In an effort to better understand the wide variance between costs, we examined the effect of campaign type. Surprisingly, we found that routine vaccination campaigns had higher reported costs than trial campaigns. We attribute this fact to the likely under-reporting and non-reporting of those costs which trials often consider “in-kind”. In other words, we suspect that those economists who costed “routine” programs were more likely to be thorough and comprehensive in accounting for all costs than those who costed introductory programs (who were more likely to focus more only on those costs which differed from the “routine” program).
We run the same estimations for PPP-adjusted costs to produce the below.
An examination of the average administrative cost per campaign type adds evidence to the above hypothesis.
The below is the same data, but using PPP-adjusted costs.
In order to estimate the average overall (non-vaccine) implementation cost per dose, we can run a Monte Carlo simulation. Performing 10,000 resamplings, we arrive at a distribution of the likely overall cost.
The below is the same visualization, using PPP-adjusted costs.
An examination of item-specific costs over time shows no apparent secular trend. Accordingly, temporal data is explicitly ignored by our model.
What follows is a table of the same data:
Not enough data on item-specific vaccine costs exist in the literature to form a model in which country itself is a stable predictor of cost. However, we can estimate geography’s general effect through generalized additive model.
Our model adjusts for item type, and uses a smoothed spatial surface to estimate the spatial effect of costs. The below map shows this effect, with the coloring of the surface reflecting the location-specific contribution to implementatoin cost in 2016 USD (per dose).
The below table shows model details.
Family: gaussian
Link function: identity
Formula:
cost ~ type + s(lng, lat, bs = "ad") + introduction
Parametric coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 0.7411 0.3959 1.872 0.0624 .
typeEquipment -0.5064 0.7631 -0.664 0.5076
typeHuman resources 2.5294 0.5692 4.444 0.00001332 ***
typeSensitisation -0.8663 0.7206 -1.202 0.2304
typeTraining -0.9928 0.7178 -1.383 0.1679
typeTransportation 0.9892 0.5269 1.877 0.0617 .
typeWastage 0.8554 0.5632 1.519 0.1301
introductionTRUE 1.9397 0.4133 4.693 0.00000445 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Approximate significance of smooth terms:
edf Ref.df F p-value
te(lng,lat) 6.117 7.52 3.958 0.000359 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
R-sq.(adj) = 0.235 Deviance explained = 27.4%
GCV = 8.2107 Scale est. = 7.77 n = 263GDP per capita (scraped from the World Bank’s data archives) over time was gathered for all countries from which any study was selected (see below chart).
Data were paired for each country for the year in which the study was conducted. In the case of studies spanning multiple years, the year for which the currency value was reported in the study was used. The distribution of country-specific GDP per capita values for the final dataset can be visualized below.
The final model estimates the effect of both space (via smoothed latitude and longitude), weatlh (via GDP per capita), and programme type (routine vs. introduction) on the cost of non-vaccine immunisation programme costs. Estimation is carried out by modeling vaccine type, smoothed location, and GDP via a GAM.
The model’s coefficient estimates (excluding the smoothed bivariate spatial interpolation estimates, which are non-linear) are below.
Of note in the above table: the cost of introduction (as opposed to routine) vaccination campaigns is greater than $2 USD per dose. Human resources is the greatest expense, while both transportation and wastage also contribute significantly to overall cost.
Model details are below:
Family: gaussian
Link function: identity
Formula:
cost ~ type + s(lng, lat, bs = "ad") + gdp + introduction
Parametric coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 1.1645960 0.5224688 2.229 0.0267 *
typeEquipment -0.3209313 0.7779637 -0.413 0.6803
typeHuman resources 2.5875605 0.5711524 4.530 0.00000915 ***
typeSensitisation -0.7549331 0.7256762 -1.040 0.2992
typeTraining -0.8496356 0.7269235 -1.169 0.2436
typeTransportation 1.0075156 0.5270316 1.912 0.0571 .
typeWastage 0.8658073 0.5630848 1.538 0.1254
gdp -0.0006252 0.0005008 -1.248 0.2130
introductionTRUE 1.8929938 0.4145608 4.566 0.00000782 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Approximate significance of smooth terms:
edf Ref.df F p-value
te(lng,lat) 5.862 7.247 3.62 0.000963 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
R-sq.(adj) = 0.235 Deviance explained = 27.6%
GCV = 8.2379 Scale est. = 7.7723 n = 263Ultimately, GDP was not found to be a significant predictor of program cost (p = 0.134). Accordingly, it was removed from the projections model.
We can also use our model to project costs per dose for each item onto every Sub-Saharan African country. The below projections assume an “introductory” (as opposed to “routine”) campaign, with 2015 GDP and in 2015 currency.
The below map shows overall (all-item) non-vaccine costs across Africa.
The principal contribution of this study is the generation of an estimate, based purely on costs in a similar context, of the non-vaccine immunisation programme implementation costs for the roll-out of a Malaria vaccine across Africa. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to attempt such a quantification.
This study, and its results, are not without limitations. Chief among them is the small sample size from which estimates were modeled (and, by extension, the corresponding wide confidence intervals). Secondly, lack of comparability of cost types makes the itemizing of costs a somewhat futile exercise. Third, this study assumes that administration of the roll-out of a malaria vaccine will be similar to that of other vaccines (a possible, but by no means certain, scenario). Fourth, we do not delve into dosage, age, or coverage issues. Finally, this study is narrow in scope, only looking at vaccine studies in Africa, and ignoring other areas where Malaria is endemic (Southeast Asia, Central and South America, etc.).
Further research is needed, particularly into those factors which determine vaccine programme cost. A particular challenge, and one encountered in this study at multiple points, is the lack of standardisation (and by extension, comparability) among studies.
For example, whereas in some studies “administration” included personnel (ie, “human resources” costs), others did not. Some studies published wages and salaries, but not the amount of person-time allocated to the programme. The distinction between fixed and variable costs appeared in fewer than half of studies, and many studies made no mention of whether or how they attempted to quantify “in-kind” costs.
To address this issue, we propose to devise and publish (as a separate paper) a “template” of best practices for reporting vaccine cost studies.
This work was carried out by Elisa Sicuri and Joe Brew, in collaboration with GSK. A debt of gratitude is owed to Celine Aerts, who helped with data collection.
All analysis was carried out in the R programming language in R version 3.4.2 (2017-09-28) on a x86_64, linux-gnu system.
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| Mapping financial flows for immunisation in Uganda 2009/10 and 2010/11: New insights for methodologies and policy. | 2015 | Centre for Economic Governance and AIDS in Africa (CEGAA), Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: guthriehealthfinancingconsult@gmail.com. | Teresa Guthrie, Charlotte Zikusooka, Brendan Kwesiga, Christabel Abewe, Stephen Lagony, Carl Schutte, Edmore Marinda, Kerrin Humphreys, Katlego Motlogelwa, Zipozihle Chuma Nombewu, Logan Brenzel, Anthony Kinghorn | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S0264-410X(14)01708-3 |
| Determinants of routine immunization costing in Benin and Ghana in 2011. | 2015 | Agence de Médecine Préventive (AMP), Ferney-Voltaire, France. | Césaire Damien Ahanhanzo, Xiao Xian Huang, Jean-Bernard Le Gargasson, Justin Sossou, Frank Nyonator, Anais Colombini, Bradford D Gessner | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S0264-410X(14)01724-1 |
| Cost analysis of routine immunisation in Zambia. | 2015 | Strategic Development Consultants, South Africa. Electronic address: carl.schutte@sdc.co.za. | Carl Schütte, Collins Chansa, Edmore Marinda, Teresa A Guthrie, Stanley Banda, Zipozihle Nombewu, Katlego Motlogelwa, Marita Lervik, Logan Brenzel, Anthony Kinghorn | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S0264-410X(14)01693-4 |
| Costs of routine immunization and the introduction of new and underutilized vaccines in Ghana. | 2015 | Agence de Médecine Préventive, Paris, France. Electronic address: jblegargasson@aamp.org. | Jean-Bernard Le Gargasson, Frank K Nyonator, Moses Adibo, Bradford D Gessner, Anaïs Colombini | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S0264-410X(15)00030-4 |
| Cost-effectiveness analysis of the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in the Egyptian national immunization program, 2013. | 2015 | Expanded Program on Immunization, Ministry of Health, Egypt. Electronic address: sibakmohammed@gmail.com. | Mohammed Sibak, Ibrahim Moussa, Nasr El-Tantawy, Shaza Badr, Irtaza Chaudhri, Essam Allam, Louise Baxter, Saiyed Abo Freikha, Céline Hoestlandt, Carlos Lara, Rana Hajjeh, Aline Munier | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S0264-410X(14)01697-1 |
| Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Kenya and Uganda. | 2015 | P.O. Box 293-20203, Londiani, Kenya. | Charles Sigei, John Odaga, Mercy Mvundura, Yvette Madrid, Andrew David Clark, Dominic Mutie, Peter Kamau, Amina Ishmael Mungai, Terry Watiri, Zipporah Gatheru, Joyce Charo, Bonface Osano, Bakari Mwinyi, Rose Kamenwa, J Nyangoa, Kennedy Chitala, Charles Muitherero, Nancy Koskei, Tom Omurwa, Peninah Murunga, Robert Mayanja, Hellen Aanyu, David Mugisha, Augustine Mulindwa, Esther Nalumansi, Annet Kisakye, Luzze Henry, Peter Lochoro, Josephine Bwogi, Aliyi Walimbwa, Edward Robinson, Jolly Ruhambarama | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S0264-410X(15)00027-4 |
| One size does not fit all: The impact of primary vaccine container size on vaccine distribution and delivery. | 2015 | Public Health Computational and Operations Research (PHICOR), Pittsburgh PA (formerly) and Baltimore MD (currently), United States; Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. | Leila A Haidari, Brian Wahl, Shawn T Brown, Lois Privor-Dumm, Cecily Wallman-Stokes, Katie Gorham, Diana L Connor, Angela R Wateska, Benjamin Schreiber, Hamadou Dicko, Philippe Jaillard, Melanie Avella, Bruce Y Lee | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25889160 |
| Economic evaluation of typhoid vaccination in a prolonged typhoid outbreak setting: the case of Kasese district in Uganda. | 2015 | Office of Science and Integrated Programs, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address: vnn9@cdc.gov. | Cristina Carias, Maroya Spalding Walters, Edward Wefula, Kashmira A Date, David L Swerdlow, Maya Vijayaraghavan, Eric Mintz | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25712333 |
| The costs of delivering human papillomavirus vaccination to Grade 4 learners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. | 2016 | Health Outcomes Research Unit, Discipline of Public Health Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. moodleyi15@ukzn.ac.za. | Indres Moodley, Nerisha Tathiah, Ben Sartorius | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27138671 |
| Projected economic evaluation of the national implementation of a hypothetical HIV vaccination program among adolescents in South Africa, 2012. | 2016 | Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, PO Box 114, Diepkloof 1864, Johannesburg, South Africa. nishila.moodley@gmail.com. | Nishila Moodley, Glenda Gray, Melanie Bertram | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=10.1186/s12889-016-2959-3 |
| The Case for Adolescent HIV Vaccination in South Africa: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. | 2016 | From the Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (NM, GG); South African HVTN AIDS Vaccine Early Stage Investigator Program (SHAPe) (NM); The South African Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation (DST/NRF), Centre of Excellence in Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis (SACEMA), University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa (NM); and Health Systems Governance and Finance, World Health Organization, Geneva (MB). | Nishila Moodley, Glenda Gray, Melanie Bertram | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=10.1097/MD.0000000000002528 |
| DISEASE | DOSES | TYPE | SOURCE | LINK | YEAR | COUNTRY | COST | COUNTRY NAME | GDP | TRIAL | INTRODUCTION | CURRENCY | EXCHANGE_RATE | NEW_COUNTRY | PPP | PPP_ADJUSTMENT | COST_PPP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Wastage | An economic evaluation of thermostable vaccines in Cambodia, Ghana and Bangladesh. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0700758X | 2002 | Multiple | 0.4062127 | NA | 411.9591 | FALSE | FALSE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 0.4062127 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Transportation | An economic evaluation of thermostable vaccines in Cambodia, Ghana and Bangladesh. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0700758X | 2002 | Ghana | 0.0401940 | Ghana | 311.6168 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 0.9312843 | Ghana | 0.1276647 | 7.294769 | 0.0055100 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Transportation | An economic evaluation of thermostable vaccines in Cambodia, Ghana and Bangladesh. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0700758X | 2002 | Ghana | 0.1205820 | Ghana | 311.6168 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 0.9312843 | Ghana | 0.1276647 | 7.294769 | 0.0165299 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | An economic evaluation of thermostable vaccines in Cambodia, Ghana and Bangladesh. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0700758X | 2002 | Ghana | 6.4994026 | Ghana | 311.6168 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 0.9312843 | Ghana | 0.1276647 | 7.294769 | 0.8909675 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | An economic evaluation of thermostable vaccines in Cambodia, Ghana and Bangladesh. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0700758X | 2002 | Ghana | 5.0776583 | Ghana | 311.6168 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 0.9312843 | Ghana | 0.1276647 | 7.294769 | 0.6960684 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Human resources | Cost analysis of routine immunisation in Zambia | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016934 | 2011 | Zambia | 12.3691756 | Zambia | 1635.5473 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 2.3783803 | 2.269364 | 5.4505031 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Equipment | Cost analysis of routine immunisation in Zambia | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016934 | 2011 | Zambia | 3.4324970 | Zambia | 1635.5473 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 2.3783803 | 2.269364 | 1.5125370 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Administration | Cost analysis of routine immunisation in Zambia | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016934 | 2011 | Zambia | 0.6702509 | Zambia | 1635.5473 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 2.3783803 | 2.269364 | 0.2953475 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Transportation | Cost analysis of routine immunisation in Zambia | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016934 | 2011 | Zambia | 1.4826762 | Zambia | 1635.5473 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 2.3783803 | 2.269364 | 0.6533444 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Transportation | Cost-effectiveness analysis of an additional birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine to prevent perinatal transmission in a medical setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12011735 | 2008 | Mozambique | 0.4142150 | Mozambique | 499.8871 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 24.1367352 | Mozambique | 14.8415955 | 1.626290 | 0.2546994 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Sensitisation | Cost-effectiveness analysis of an additional birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine to prevent perinatal transmission in a medical setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12011735 | 2008 | Mozambique | 0.0506574 | Mozambique | 499.8871 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 24.1367352 | Mozambique | 14.8415955 | 1.626290 | 0.0311490 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Training | Cost-effectiveness analysis of an additional birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine to prevent perinatal transmission in a medical setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12011735 | 2008 | Mozambique | 0.3315511 | Mozambique | 499.8871 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 24.1367352 | Mozambique | 14.8415955 | 1.626290 | 0.2038696 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Administration | Cost-effectiveness analysis of the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in the Egyptian national immunization program, 2013 | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016971 | 2013 | Egypt | 0.6093190 | NA | 882.6386 | FALSE | TRUE | EGP | 6.8362274 | Egypt, Arab Rep. | 2.0234302 | 3.378534 | 0.1803501 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Administration | Cost-effectiveness analysis of the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in the Egyptian national immunization program, 2013 | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016971 | 2013 | Egypt | 0.4062127 | NA | 882.6386 | FALSE | TRUE | EGP | 6.8362274 | Egypt, Arab Rep. | 2.0234302 | 3.378534 | 0.1202334 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Wastage | Cost-effectiveness analysis of the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in the Egyptian national immunization program, 2013 | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14016971 | 2013 | Egypt | 1.0155317 | NA | 882.6386 | FALSE | TRUE | EGP | 6.8362274 | Egypt, Arab Rep. | 2.0234302 | 3.378534 | 0.3005835 |
| GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS | 1 | Wastage | Cost-effectiveness of a potential group B streptococcal vaccine program for pregnant women in South Africa | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14001145 | 2010 | South africa | 1.0155317 | NA | 732.9536 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 7.3181060 | South Africa | 4.5737362 | 1.600028 | 0.6346962 |
| GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS | 1 | Administration | Cost-effectiveness of a potential group B streptococcal vaccine program for pregnant women in South Africa | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14001145 | 2010 | South africa | 6.2897260 | NA | 732.9536 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 7.3181060 | South Africa | 4.5737362 | 1.600028 | 3.9310099 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Transportation | Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Kenya and Uganda | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000274 | 2000 | Kenya and uganda | 0.6093190 | NA | 369.7009 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 76.1825683 | Kenya | 18.2096097 | 4.183646 | 0.1456430 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Administration | Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Kenya and Uganda | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000274 | 2000 | Kenya and uganda | 0.4062127 | NA | 369.7009 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 76.1825683 | Kenya | 18.2096097 | 4.183646 | 0.0970954 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Wastage | Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Kenya and Uganda | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000274 | 2000 | Kenya and uganda | 1.0155317 | NA | 369.7009 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 76.1825683 | Kenya | 18.2096097 | 4.183646 | 0.2427384 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Administration | Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Kenya and Uganda | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000274 | 2000 | Kenya and uganda | 0.5319240 | NA | 369.7009 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 76.1825683 | Kenya | 18.2096097 | 4.183646 | 0.1271436 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Training | Cost-effectiveness of the introduction of a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine into the expanded program on immunization in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of uncertainties using a stochastic individual-based simulation model of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22152171 | 2008 | Multiple | 0.0335850 | NA | 794.8702 | FALSE | TRUE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 0.0335850 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Administration | Cost-effectiveness of the introduction of a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine into the expanded program on immunization in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of uncertainties using a stochastic individual-based simulation model of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22152171 | 2008 | Multiple | 0.2239000 | NA | 794.8702 | FALSE | TRUE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 0.2239000 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Transportation | Cost-effectiveness of the introduction of a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine into the expanded program on immunization in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of uncertainties using a stochastic individual-based simulation model of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22152171 | 2008 | Multiple | 0.1231450 | NA | 794.8702 | FALSE | TRUE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 0.1231450 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | Cost-effectiveness of three different vaccination strategies against measles in Zambian children | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X03005851 | 2000 | Zambia | 0.6499403 | Zambia | 340.1614 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 0.6380766 | 8.458877 | 0.0768353 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Transportation | Cost-effectiveness of three different vaccination strategies against measles in Zambian children | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X03005851 | 2000 | Zambia | 0.0335952 | Zambia | 340.1614 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 0.6380766 | 8.458877 | 0.0039716 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Equipment | Cost-effectiveness of three different vaccination strategies against measles in Zambian children | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X03005851 | 2000 | Zambia | 0.1777746 | Zambia | 340.1614 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 0.6380766 | 8.458877 | 0.0210163 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Training | Cost-effectiveness of three different vaccination strategies against measles in Zambian children | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X03005851 | 2000 | Zambia | 0.0335952 | Zambia | 340.1614 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 0.6380766 | 8.458877 | 0.0039716 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Sensitisation | Cost-effectiveness of three different vaccination strategies against measles in Zambian children | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X03005851 | 2000 | Zambia | 0.1021854 | Zambia | 340.1614 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 0.6380766 | 8.458877 | 0.0120803 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Human resources | Cost-effectiveness of three different vaccination strategies against measles in Zambian children | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X03005851 | 2000 | Zambia | 0.1119840 | Zambia | 340.1614 | FALSE | FALSE | ZMW | 5.3974108 | Zambia | 0.6380766 | 8.458877 | 0.0132386 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Human resources | Costs of routine immunization and the introduction of new and underutilized vaccines in Ghana | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000304 | 2011 | Ghana | 17.8733572 | Ghana | 1587.1909 | FALSE | TRUE | GHS | 1.9404351 | Ghana | 0.6993923 | 2.774459 | 6.4421058 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Transportation | Costs of routine immunization and the introduction of new and underutilized vaccines in Ghana | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000304 | 2011 | Ghana | 1.6248507 | Ghana | 1587.1909 | FALSE | TRUE | GHS | 1.9404351 | Ghana | 0.6993923 | 2.774459 | 0.5856460 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Human resources | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 2.8087500 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 1.0159078 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Transportation | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 0.8313900 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 0.3007087 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Transportation | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 0.7302750 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 0.2641360 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Wastage | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 0.2921100 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 0.1056544 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Training | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 0.1685250 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 0.0609545 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Equipment | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 0.2808750 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 0.1015908 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Administration | Costs of vaccine delivery in the Gambia before and after, pentavalent and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introductions | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14000826 | 2009 | Gambia | 0.0561750 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | GMD | 26.0604499 | Gambia, The | 9.4259063 | 2.764769 | 0.0203182 |
| HPV | 1 | Transportation | Delivery cost of human papillomavirus vaccination of young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam | http://www.rho.org/files/PATH-WHO-Bulletin-HPV-vac-delivery-costs-appendices-2012.pdf | 2009 | Uganda | 0.3033450 | Uganda | 557.5236 | FALSE | FALSE | UGX | 2028.4887123 | Uganda | 733.5983764 | 2.765122 | 0.1097040 |
| HPV | 1 | Administration | Delivery cost of human papillomavirus vaccination of young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam | http://www.rho.org/files/PATH-WHO-Bulletin-HPV-vac-delivery-costs-appendices-2012.pdf | 2009 | Uganda | 0.4494000 | Uganda | 557.5236 | FALSE | FALSE | UGX | 2028.4887123 | Uganda | 733.5983764 | 2.765122 | 0.1625245 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Human resources | Determinants of routine immunization costing in Benin and Ghana in 2011 | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X14017241 | 2000 | Ghana and benin | 0.1035842 | NA | 369.7009 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 0.9312843 | Ghana | 0.0800684 | 11.631106 | 0.0089058 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | Economic analysis of the 1996-1997 mass measles immunization campaigns in South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X04002166 | 1996 | South africa | 6.0931900 | NA | 382.2855 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 4.3048224 | South Africa | 2.1555965 | 1.997045 | 3.0511036 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | Economic analysis of the 1996-1997 mass measles immunization campaigns in South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X04002166 | 1997 | South africa | 8.1242533 | NA | 356.5782 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 4.6099967 | South Africa | 2.2885979 | 2.014332 | 4.0332239 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Administration | Economic analysis of the 1996-1997 mass measles immunization campaigns in South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X04002166 | 1996 | South africa | 0.2458080 | NA | 382.2855 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 4.3048224 | South Africa | 2.1555965 | 1.997045 | 0.1230859 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Sensitisation | Economic analysis of the 1996-1997 mass measles immunization campaigns in South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X04002166 | 1996 | South africa | 0.0089105 | NA | 382.2855 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 4.3048224 | South Africa | 2.1555965 | 1.997045 | 0.0044619 |
| MENINGITIS | 1 | Transportation | Economic benefits of keeping vaccines at ambient temperature during mass vaccination: the case of meningitis A vaccine in Chad. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=10.2471/BLT.13.123471 | 2011 | Chad | 8.7335723 | Chad | 988.4432 | FALSE | FALSE | XAF | 462.2431728 | Chad | 250.4430106 | 1.845702 | 4.7318430 |
| MENINGITIS | 1 | Transportation | Economic benefits of keeping vaccines at ambient temperature during mass vaccination: the case of meningitis A vaccine in Chad. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=10.2471/BLT.13.123471 | 2011 | Chad | 4.0621266 | Chad | 988.4432 | FALSE | FALSE | XAF | 462.2431728 | Chad | 250.4430106 | 1.845702 | 2.2008572 |
| MENINGITIS | 1 | Human resources | Economic benefits of keeping vaccines at ambient temperature during mass vaccination: the case of meningitis A vaccine in Chad. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=10.2471/BLT.13.123471 | 2011 | Chad | 7.5149343 | Chad | 988.4432 | FALSE | FALSE | XAF | 462.2431728 | Chad | 250.4430106 | 1.845702 | 4.0715859 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Administration | Economic evaluation of hepatitis B vaccination in low-income countries: using cost-effectiveness affordability curves. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636252/ | 2002 | Multiple | 0.8440740 | NA | 411.9591 | FALSE | FALSE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 0.8440740 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Transportation | Economic evaluation of hepatitis B vaccination in low-income countries: using cost-effectiveness affordability curves. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636252/ | 2002 | Multiple | 0.4153380 | NA | 411.9591 | FALSE | FALSE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 0.4153380 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Wastage | Economic evaluation of hepatitis B vaccination in low-income countries: using cost-effectiveness affordability curves. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636252/ | 2002 | Multiple | 5.2807646 | NA | 411.9591 | FALSE | FALSE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 5.2807646 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Wastage | Economic evaluation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in The Gambia | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2944347/ | 2005 | Gambia | 2.0310633 | NA | 587.0802 | FALSE | FALSE | GMD | 27.8204082 | Gambia, The | 8.9834241 | 3.096860 | 0.6558460 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 1 | Administration | Economic evaluation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in The Gambia | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2944347/ | 2005 | Gambia | 0.4196280 | NA | 587.0802 | FALSE | FALSE | GMD | 27.8204082 | Gambia, The | 8.9834241 | 3.096860 | 0.1355011 |
| TYPHOID | 1 | Administration | Economic evaluation of typhoid vaccination in a prolonged typhoid outbreak setting: The case of Kasese district in Uganda | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25712333 | 2014 | Uganda | 0.1527300 | Uganda | 714.5674 | FALSE | FALSE | UGX | 2600.9228493 | Uganda | 1036.4077535 | 2.509556 | 0.0608594 |
| MENINGITIS | 163981 | Human resources | Évaluation des coûts opérationnels d‘une campagne de masse préventive contre la méningite à méningocoque et la fièvre jaune au Sénégal, en 1997 | http://www.jle.com/fr/revues/san/e-docs/evaluation_des_couts_operationnels_dune_campagne_de_masse_preventive_contre_la_meningite_a_meningocoque_et_la_fievre_jaune__262850/article.phtml?tab=texte | 1999 | Senegal | 0.0046708 | Senegal | 534.8552 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 615.7731014 | Senegal | 223.6588854 | 2.753180 | 0.0016965 |
| MENINGITIS | 163981 | Administration | Évaluation des coûts opérationnels d‘une campagne de masse préventive contre la méningite à méningocoque et la fièvre jaune au Sénégal, en 1997 | http://www.jle.com/fr/revues/san/e-docs/evaluation_des_couts_operationnels_dune_campagne_de_masse_preventive_contre_la_meningite_a_meningocoque_et_la_fievre_jaune__262850/article.phtml?tab=texte | 1999 | Senegal | 0.1322466 | Senegal | 534.8552 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 615.7731014 | Senegal | 223.6588854 | 2.753180 | 0.0480342 |
| MENINGITIS | 163981 | Transportation | Évaluation des coûts opérationnels d‘une campagne de masse préventive contre la méningite à méningocoque et la fièvre jaune au Sénégal, en 1997 | http://www.jle.com/fr/revues/san/e-docs/evaluation_des_couts_operationnels_dune_campagne_de_masse_preventive_contre_la_meningite_a_meningocoque_et_la_fievre_jaune__262850/article.phtml?tab=texte | 1999 | Senegal | 0.0195895 | Senegal | 534.8552 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 615.7731014 | Senegal | 223.6588854 | 2.753180 | 0.0071152 |
| MENINGITIS | 163981 | Human resources | Évaluation des coûts opérationnels d‘une campagne de masse préventive contre la méningite à méningocoque et la fièvre jaune au Sénégal, en 1997 | http://www.jle.com/fr/revues/san/e-docs/evaluation_des_couts_operationnels_dune_campagne_de_masse_preventive_contre_la_meningite_a_meningocoque_et_la_fievre_jaune__262850/article.phtml?tab=texte | 1999 | Senegal | 0.0182147 | Senegal | 534.8552 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 615.7731014 | Senegal | 223.6588854 | 2.753180 | 0.0066159 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Administration | Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of live oral pentavalent reassortant rotavirus vaccine introduction in Ghana. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12001144 | 2009 | Ghana | 0.3932250 | Ghana | 1095.5032 | FALSE | TRUE | GHS | 1.4140249 | Ghana | 0.5440032 | 2.599295 | 0.1512814 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Wastage | Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of live oral pentavalent reassortant rotavirus vaccine introduction in Ghana. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12001144 | 2009 | Ghana | 0.1123500 | Ghana | 1095.5032 | FALSE | TRUE | GHS | 1.4140249 | Ghana | 0.5440032 | 2.599295 | 0.0432233 |
| CHOLERA | 2 | Transportation | Feasibility of a mass vaccination campaign using a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in an urban cholera-endemic setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0501042X | 2003 | Mozambique | 8.4289128 | Mozambique | 280.8726 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 23.3021693 | Mozambique | 11.9643561 | 1.947633 | 4.3277736 |
| CHOLERA | 2 | Human resources | Feasibility of a mass vaccination campaign using a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in an urban cholera-endemic setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0501042X | 2003 | Mozambique | 6.8243728 | Mozambique | 280.8726 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 23.3021693 | Mozambique | 11.9643561 | 1.947633 | 3.5039324 |
| CHOLERA | 2 | Administration | Feasibility of a mass vaccination campaign using a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in an urban cholera-endemic setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0501042X | 2003 | Mozambique | 1.9498208 | Mozambique | 280.8726 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 23.3021693 | Mozambique | 11.9643561 | 1.947633 | 1.0011235 |
| CHOLERA | 2 | Sensitisation | Feasibility of a mass vaccination campaign using a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in an urban cholera-endemic setting in Mozambique. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X0501042X | 2003 | Mozambique | 2.1326165 | Mozambique | 280.8726 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 23.3021693 | Mozambique | 11.9643561 | 1.947633 | 1.0949789 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Administration | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 0.1807305 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 0.0832663 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Transportation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 0.0002800 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 0.0001290 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Wastage | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 0.6440115 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 0.2967094 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Equipment | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 0.2418225 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 0.1114126 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Training | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 0.1654575 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 0.0762297 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Sensitisation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 0.0610920 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 0.0281463 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Human resources | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Kenya | 3.7698855 | Kenya | 1368.4911 | FALSE | FALSE | KES | 87.9608077 | Kenya | 40.5253650 | 2.170512 | 1.7368643 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Administration | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.1934580 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.0811766 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Transportation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.0003055 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.0001282 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Wastage | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.6007380 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.2520748 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Equipment | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.0840015 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.0352478 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Training | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.0458190 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.0192260 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Sensitisation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.0407280 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.0170898 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Human resources | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Burkina faso | 0.5218275 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 494.4787388 | Burkina Faso | 207.4875311 | 2.383173 | 0.2189633 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Administration | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.3156420 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.1204655 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Transportation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.0002800 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.0001069 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Wastage | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.6821940 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.2603609 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Equipment | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.7305585 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.2788193 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Training | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.0789105 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.0301164 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Sensitisation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.0000000 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.0000000 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Human resources | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Tanzania | 0.8934705 | Tanzania | 954.6190 | FALSE | FALSE | TZS | 1627.7249291 | Tanzania | 621.2248304 | 2.620186 | 0.3409950 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Administration | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.2163675 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.0736526 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Transportation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.0003309 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.0001126 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Wastage | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.8731065 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.2972101 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Equipment | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.0967290 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.0329271 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Training | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.0992745 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.0337936 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Sensitisation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.0814560 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.0277281 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Human resources | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Ghana | 0.1654575 | Ghana | 1441.6365 | FALSE | FALSE | GHS | 3.0303605 | Ghana | 1.0315508 | 2.937675 | 0.0563226 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Administration | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.3258240 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.1815611 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Transportation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.0002546 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.0001418 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Wastage | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.4225530 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.2354621 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Equipment | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.1578210 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.0879437 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Training | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.0432735 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.0241136 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Sensitisation | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.0305460 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.0170214 |
| MALARIA | 4 | Human resources | GSK 5 country, unpublished | NA | 2014 | Mozambique | 0.9749265 | Mozambique | 622.6381 | FALSE | FALSE | MZN | 30.8304410 | Mozambique | 17.1798555 | 1.794569 | 0.5432649 |
| BCG | 1 | Wastage | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 15.2329749 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 7.8833768 |
| DTAP-HIB/IPV | 4 | Wastage | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 5.0776583 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 2.6277923 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 3 | Wastage | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 5.0776583 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 2.6277923 |
| HEPATITIS B | 3 | Wastage | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 5.0776583 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 2.6277923 |
| MEASLES | 2 | Wastage | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 8.1242533 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 4.2044676 |
| TETANUS | 2 | Wastage | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 5.0776583 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 2.6277923 |
| BCG | 1 | Transportation | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 0.1235850 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 0.0639578 |
| DTAP-HIB/IPV | 4 | Transportation | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 2.4717000 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 1.2791554 |
| PNEUMOCOCCAL | 3 | Transportation | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 10.1115000 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 5.2329086 |
| HEPATITIS B | 3 | Transportation | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 0.2509150 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 0.1298537 |
| MEASLES | 2 | Transportation | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 0.2471700 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 0.1279155 |
| TETANUS | 2 | Transportation | Incremental costs of introducing jet injection technology for delivery of routine childhood vaccinations: comparative analysis from Brazil, India, and South Africa. | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X10016725 | 2009 | South africa | 2.1346500 | NA | 768.0135 | FALSE | TRUE | ZAR | 8.4115104 | South Africa | 4.3531291 | 1.932291 | 1.1047251 |
| BCG | 1 | Wastage | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 13.2019116 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 3.9923003 |
| DTWP | 1 | Wastage | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 5.0776583 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 1.5355001 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 6.0931900 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 1.8426001 |
| OPV | 1 | Wastage | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 2.0310633 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.6142000 |
| TETANUS | 1 | Wastage | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 2.0310633 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.6142000 |
| BCG | 1 | Administration | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 3.8590203 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 1.1669801 |
| DTWP | 1 | Administration | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 9.7491039 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 2.9481602 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Administration | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 3.0465950 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.9213001 |
| OPV | 1 | Administration | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 0.6093190 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.1842600 |
| TETANUS | 1 | Administration | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 3.2497013 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.9827201 |
| PENTAVALENT | 1 | Transportation | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 19.2951015 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 5.8349004 |
| PENTAVALENT | 1 | Training | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 0.6093190 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.1842600 |
| PENTAVALENT | 1 | Sensitisation | Incremental system costs of introducing combined DTwP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine into national immunization services in Ethiopia. | http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X08017623/1-s2.0-S0264410X08017623-main.pdf?_tid=6a6c4140-614a-11e6-8363-00000aacb361&acdnat=1471088472_baec2e52dd2e62631a155b1a9bccaac6 | 2007 | Ethiopia | 0.2031063 | Ethiopia | 243.6288 | FALSE | TRUE | ETB | 8.7627126 | Ethiopia | 2.6498723 | 3.306843 | 0.0614200 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Administration | One Size Does Not Fit All: The Impact of Primary Vaccine Container Size on Vaccine Distribution and Delivery | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25889160 | 2000 | Benin | 0.3499500 | Benin | 369.7009 | FALSE | FALSE | XOF | 712.8209836 | Benin | 201.6944652 | 3.534162 | 0.0990192 |
| TUBERCULOSIS | 1 | Transportation | Potential Cost-Effectiveness of a New Infant Tuberculosis Vaccine in South Africa - Implications for Clinical Trials: A Decision Analysis | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893082/pdf/pone.0083526.pdf | 2012 | South africa | 0.7348600 | NA | 807.6885 | TRUE | FALSE | ZAR | 8.2126022 | South Africa | 4.9354091 | 1.664017 | 0.4416182 |
| TUBERCULOSIS | 1 | Administration | Potential Cost-Effectiveness of a New Infant Tuberculosis Vaccine in South Africa - Implications for Clinical Trials: A Decision Analysis | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893082/pdf/pone.0083526.pdf | 2012 | South africa | 0.5249000 | NA | 807.6885 | TRUE | FALSE | ZAR | 8.2126022 | South Africa | 4.9354091 | 1.664017 | 0.3154416 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Administration | Predicting the cost-effectiveness of introducing a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine into the expanded program on immunization in Tanzania. | http://www.ajtmh.org/content/75/2_suppl/131/T1.expansion.html | 2006 | Tanzania | 5.0693440 | Tanzania | 475.9088 | FALSE | TRUE | TZS | 1219.2575898 | Tanzania | 348.1325915 | 3.502279 | 1.4474414 |
| HIV | 1 | Administration | Projected economic evaluation of the national implementation of a hypothetical HIV vaccination program among adolescents in South Africa, 2012 | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4832469/ | 2012 | South africa | 17.8466000 | NA | 807.6885 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 8.2126022 | South Africa | 4.9354091 | 1.664017 | 10.7250138 |
| MENINGITIS | 1 | Administration | Review of the cost effectiveness of immunisation strategies for the control of epidemic meningococcal meningitis. | http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/356/art%253A10.2165%252F00019053-200523040-00004.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.2165%2F00019053-200523040-00004&token2=exp=1470737110~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F356%2Fart%25253A10.2165%25252F00019053-200523040-00004.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.com%252Farticle%252F10.2165%252F00019053-200523040-00004*~hmac=2d82dbaf8acdfdf24f7427e7093ae178326669428b104509485b5adee7aad607 | 1993 | Guinea | 2.8434886 | Guinea | 458.2536 | FALSE | FALSE | GNF | 998.7993082 | Guinea | 592.7855487 | 1.684925 | 1.6876053 |
| MENINGITIS | 1 | Human resources | Review of the cost effectiveness of immunisation strategies for the control of epidemic meningococcal meningitis. | http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/356/art%253A10.2165%252F00019053-200523040-00004.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.2165%2F00019053-200523040-00004&token2=exp=1470737110~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F356%2Fart%25253A10.2165%25252F00019053-200523040-00004.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.com%252Farticle%252F10.2165%252F00019053-200523040-00004*~hmac=2d82dbaf8acdfdf24f7427e7093ae178326669428b104509485b5adee7aad607 | 1993 | Guinea | 2.2341697 | Guinea | 458.2536 | FALSE | FALSE | GNF | 998.7993082 | Guinea | 592.7855487 | 1.684925 | 1.3259756 |
| MENINGITIS | 1 | Transportation | Review of the cost effectiveness of immunisation strategies for the control of epidemic meningococcal meningitis. | http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/356/art%253A10.2165%252F00019053-200523040-00004.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.2165%2F00019053-200523040-00004&token2=exp=1470737110~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F356%2Fart%25253A10.2165%25252F00019053-200523040-00004.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.com%252Farticle%252F10.2165%252F00019053-200523040-00004*~hmac=2d82dbaf8acdfdf24f7427e7093ae178326669428b104509485b5adee7aad607 | 1993 | Guinea | 3.2497013 | Guinea | 458.2536 | FALSE | FALSE | GNF | 998.7993082 | Guinea | 592.7855487 | 1.684925 | 1.9286917 |
| HIV | 1 | Administration | The Case for Adolescent HIV Vaccination in South Africa: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. | http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.21.0a/ovidweb.cgi?WebLinkFrameset=1&S=POEIFPBGFBDDGFGNNCIKKCIBCFKGAA00&returnUrl=ovidweb.cgi%3f%26Full%2bText%3dL%257cS.sh.22.23%257c0%257c00005792-201601250-00016%26S%3dPOEIFPBGFBDDGFGNNCIKKCIBCFKGAA00&directlink=http%3a%2f%2fovidsp.tx.ovid.com%2fovftpdfs%2fFPDDNCIBKCGNFB00%2ffs047%2fovft%2flive%2fgv031%2f00005792%2f00005792-201601250-00016.pdf&filename=The+Case+for+Adolescent+HIV+Vaccination+in+South+Africa%3a+A+Cost-Effectiveness+Analysis.&pdf_key=FPDDNCIBKCGNFB00&pdf_index=/fs047/ovft/live/gv031/00005792/00005792-201601250-00016 | 2012 | South africa | 0.1574700 | NA | 807.6885 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 8.2126022 | South Africa | 4.9354091 | 1.664017 | 0.0946325 |
| HIV | 1 | Transportation | The Case for Adolescent HIV Vaccination in South Africa: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. | http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.21.0a/ovidweb.cgi?WebLinkFrameset=1&S=POEIFPBGFBDDGFGNNCIKKCIBCFKGAA00&returnUrl=ovidweb.cgi%3f%26Full%2bText%3dL%257cS.sh.22.23%257c0%257c00005792-201601250-00016%26S%3dPOEIFPBGFBDDGFGNNCIKKCIBCFKGAA00&directlink=http%3a%2f%2fovidsp.tx.ovid.com%2fovftpdfs%2fFPDDNCIBKCGNFB00%2ffs047%2fovft%2flive%2fgv031%2f00005792%2f00005792-201601250-00016.pdf&filename=The+Case+for+Adolescent+HIV+Vaccination+in+South+Africa%3a+A+Cost-Effectiveness+Analysis.&pdf_key=FPDDNCIBKCGNFB00&pdf_index=/fs047/ovft/live/gv031/00005792/00005792-201601250-00016 | 2012 | South africa | 0.5039040 | NA | 807.6885 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 8.2126022 | South Africa | 4.9354091 | 1.664017 | 0.3028239 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Human resources | The cost-effectiveness of introducing hepatitis B vaccine into infant immunization services in Mozambique. | NA | 2001 | Mozambique | 5.7885305 | Mozambique | 253.6632 | FALSE | TRUE | MZN | 20.3284510 | Mozambique | 10.6435029 | 1.909940 | 3.0307396 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Transportation | The cost-effectiveness of introducing hepatitis B vaccine into infant immunization services in Mozambique. | NA | 2001 | Mozambique | 2.5794504 | Mozambique | 253.6632 | FALSE | TRUE | MZN | 20.3284510 | Mozambique | 10.6435029 | 1.909940 | 1.3505401 |
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | Administration | The cost-effectiveness of introducing hepatitis B vaccine into infant immunization services in Mozambique. | NA | 2001 | Mozambique | 2.4169653 | Mozambique | 253.6632 | FALSE | TRUE | MZN | 20.3284510 | Mozambique | 10.6435029 | 1.909940 | 1.2654667 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Wastage | The Cost-Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccination in Malawi | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3962285/ | 2008 | Malawi | 0.1119500 | Malawi | 382.6780 | FALSE | FALSE | MWK | 138.5863665 | Malawi | 57.5175284 | 2.409463 | 0.0464626 |
| ROTAVIRUS | 1 | Administration | The Cost-Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccination in Malawi | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3962285/ | 2008 | Malawi | 0.3918250 | Malawi | 382.6780 | FALSE | FALSE | MWK | 138.5863665 | Malawi | 57.5175284 | 2.409463 | 0.1626192 |
| OPV | 1 | Wastage | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 4.8948626 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 1.6496791 |
| DPT | 1 | Wastage | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 0.5890084 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 0.1985091 |
| MEASLES | 1 | Wastage | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 1.0764636 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 0.3627925 |
| BCG | 1 | Wastage | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 10.3178017 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 3.4773319 |
| TT | 1 | Wastage | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 5.1995221 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 1.7523562 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Transportation | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 1.2186380 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 0.4107085 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Administration | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 1996 | Ethiopia | 6.1947431 | Ethiopia | 144.6929 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 5.8279616 | Ethiopia | 1.9641545 | 2.967160 | 2.0877682 |
| HEPATITIS B | 3 | Sensitisation | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 2000 | Ethiopia | 0.0406213 | Ethiopia | 124.0510 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 8.0835034 | Ethiopia | 2.0597566 | 3.924494 | 0.0103507 |
| HEPATITIS B | 3 | Administration | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 2000 | Ethiopia | 1.7467145 | Ethiopia | 124.0510 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 8.0835034 | Ethiopia | 2.0597566 | 3.924494 | 0.4450801 |
| HEPATITIS B | 3 | Transportation | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 2000 | Ethiopia | 1.6654719 | Ethiopia | 124.0510 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 8.0835034 | Ethiopia | 2.0597566 | 3.924494 | 0.4243787 |
| HEPATITIS B | 3 | Human resources | The cost of integrating hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization programmes: a case study from Addis Ababa. | http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/4/408.long | 2000 | Ethiopia | 5.1182796 | Ethiopia | 124.0510 | FALSE | FALSE | ETB | 8.0835034 | Ethiopia | 2.0597566 | 3.924494 | 1.3041883 |
| HPV | 3 | Human resources | The costs of delivering human papillomavirus vaccination to Grade 4 learners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa | http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/9988/7314 | 2014 | South africa | 3.7818428 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 10.8494923 | South Africa | 5.3758316 | 2.018198 | 1.8738711 |
| HPV | 3 | Administration | The costs of delivering human papillomavirus vaccination to Grade 4 learners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa | http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/9988/7314 | 2014 | South africa | 0.6204461 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 10.8494923 | South Africa | 5.3758316 | 2.018198 | 0.3074258 |
| HPV | 3 | Transportation | The costs of delivering human papillomavirus vaccination to Grade 4 learners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa | http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/9988/7314 | 2014 | South africa | 1.1951583 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | ZAR | 10.8494923 | South Africa | 5.3758316 | 2.018198 | 0.5921908 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Administration | The costs of introducing a malaria vaccine through the expanded program on immunization in Tanzania. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=75/2_suppl/119 | 2000 | Tanzania | 3.0465950 | Tanzania | 308.4063 | FALSE | TRUE | TZS | 799.3497432 | Tanzania | 209.0642129 | 3.823465 | 0.7968151 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Transportation | The costs of introducing a malaria vaccine through the expanded program on immunization in Tanzania. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=75/2_suppl/119 | 2000 | Tanzania | 8.7335723 | Tanzania | 308.4063 | FALSE | TRUE | TZS | 799.3497432 | Tanzania | 209.0642129 | 3.823465 | 2.2842034 |
| MALARIA | 1 | Human resources | The costs of introducing a malaria vaccine through the expanded program on immunization in Tanzania. | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=75/2_suppl/119 | 2000 | Tanzania | 0.8124253 | Tanzania | 308.4063 | FALSE | TRUE | TZS | 799.3497432 | Tanzania | 209.0642129 | 3.823465 | 0.2124840 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Human resources | What have we learned on costs and financing of routine immunization from the comprehensive multi-year plans in GAVI eligible countries? | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000225 | 2014 | Multiple | 3.0465950 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 3.0465950 |
| MULTIPLE | 1 | Equipment | What have we learned on costs and financing of routine immunization from the comprehensive multi-year plans in GAVI eligible countries? | http://www.sciencedirect.com.sire.ub.edu/science/article/pii/S0264410X15000225 | 2014 | Multiple | 2.8434886 | NA | 903.4649 | FALSE | FALSE | USD | 1.0000000 | United States | 1.0000000 | 1.000000 | 2.8434886 |
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